The design of the amplifier resulted from work with high performance transmitting tubes and noticing they had some advantages over other types of tube. First, they are very precise in element placement, so the inter-element spacing and capacitance is very consistent between examples of the tube. They are very rugged with guaranteed specification for 7,000 hours at rated power. In audio application the performance will stay consistent for much longer. Being an exterior anode type tube, the cooling efficiency is much better than glass envelope which can only dissipate heat by infrared radiation. The actually plate of the tube in an exterior anode tube can dissipate heat both through radiation and conduction with moving air or fluid.

Price: $48,000 / pair